Some results from our experiments on OSR were shown in the slides. By holding the last state after terminating the periodic stimulus in an inverted manner (differ from the originally adapted brightness), OSR could be eliminated or shifted significantly in the latency. We’ll try to repeat the experiments a few more times, since such designed stimuli would tell us more about how ON and OFF pathways in the retina interact to produce OSR.

In the hypothetical circuit in the retina to perform predictive coding as observed in the experiments, I think gap junctions might play an important role to also modulate the activity in space. Furthermore, I show the raw data before passing the filter or detecting spikes. We can guess that a strong, synchronized inhibition is generated when OSR occurs. To sum up, I plan to perform some spatial and temporal analysis according to some references from a group also working on frog retina. Also, flashing bars or checkerboards to test the affects on OSR may also be a good idea to investigate the mechanisms for dynamical predictive coding and analyze the circuit in retina.

In the second part, I reported an article about the segregation and desynchronization of ON and OFF pathways during a certain stage in retina waves. The organization of ON and OFF paths may affect the connection in LGN and also some important orientation selectivity in V1 cortex. In result, ON bipolar sends lateral inhibition to OFF bipolar cells through inhibitory neurons like amacrine. Also, controlling the reuptake of glutamate by Mulller cells in the retina also affects the temporal precision for retina waves. Last but not least, most of theses cells are connected through gap junction, which also participates in strong inspatial synchrony. Since we're now able to recieve signals from the embryonic retina, we're optimistic to repeat some experiments in the refernce and try to stimulate it with different dynamical light patterns.